Finding A Job Through Networks: How Does Tie Strength Solve Information Problems During the Job Search Process (with E. Quintane, S. Gomez and J. Mejia)
Book chapter
2014 Deguilhem T, Frontenaud A (2014) QoE in emerging trajectories. BRICS: Regional models or world leaders? In S Balashova, V Matyushok (eds.), The trajectory of growth and structural transformation of the world economy amid international instability, pp. 493–523. Moscow: CEDIMES
[5] Climbing the Social Ladder: the Role of Intergenerational Solidarity (with Xinmiao Zhang).
Economic inequality has been one of the major challenges in many societies. Among the various dimensions of inequality, intergenerational mobility is gaining high policy relevance. Traditional way of studying intergenerational mobility for economists follows the neoclassical intergenerational human capital investment model which assumes that parents are purely altruistic and allocate their resources to maximize their utility from both their own consumption and their offspring's future consumption. The paper questions the assumption and introduces intergenerational solidarity as a measure for the heterogeneity between families into the conceptual framework and studies the relationship between the closeness of parent-offspring relationship and possibility of upward occupational mobility. An empirical work using the data from World Value Survey are conducted and the results show that affectual solidarity is positively related to both the possibility of moving upward and the distance of upward mobility, while the normative solidarity is negatively related to the possibility of moving up. The obligations of caring for parents possibly influence the offspring's decision making when he or she faces opportunities or life changes, which can hinder him or her to climb up the social ladder.
[4]Transnational policy coalition(s) and the making of social protection policy in Africa. An inter-organizational network analysis of the National Social Protection Strategy of Madagascar (with J-P. Berrou, A. Piveteau, C. Gondard-Delcroix and L. Delpy)
This article questions the form of the political compromise that underpins the development of the social protection policy in Madagascar. What coalition of actors is at stake, in a context where the economic and institutional conditions for the implementation of such a policy do not presently appear to exist (a "failed" state, declining economic capacities, an employment structure characterized by informality, etc.) ? It draws on the policy networks literature (Kapucu & al., 2017, Varone & al., 2016, Ingold, 2011; Laumann & Knoke, 1989) and proposes an analysis of the inter-organizational network of actors involved in the policy making process. Combining in a pragmatic approach different methods (nominalist and realistic) and tactics (Laumann, Marsden & Prensky, 1983), the specification of the complete network's boundaries start form the list of GTPS’ members from which some actors have been removed and others added. An original survey was conducted between 2018 and 2019 to interview key informants within each of these organizations. The sociometric questionnaire focuses on six types of relationships between actors: (i) collaborative links; (ii) information-sharing links; (iii) links of agreement on the orientations of the policy; (iv) links of disagreements on the orientations of the policy; (v) links of influence; (vi) interpersonal links. The collected data then make it possible identify within the policy making process of the social protection in Madagascar: the key actors with strong capacity for mobilization and influence, the emerging coalitions of actors, the main circuits for information circulation and resource exchanges.
[3]Revising tie strength effect in Emerging countries' labor markets: Reaching information or reducing asymmetry? Evidence from Colombia (with J-P. Berrou)
The relevance of personal networks to explain how job markets work is commonly admitted by social scientists. However, the association between the strength of ties and labor outcomes constitutes one of the more debatable issues in economics and sociology. On the one hand, a long and known tradition following Granovetter's work (1973, 1975) demonstrates the strength of the weak ties (WT) to get a better job because of their capacity to convey novel informations. On the other hand, more and more studies show the strength of strong ties (ST) to increase labor market outcomes because having a strong contact and a recommendation is crucial like the Guanxi effect in China (Bian, 1997). Looking at this current opposition, we offer a possible articulation linking theory and institutional context. Theoretically, ties are considered as a fundamental institutional mechanism to solve numerous information problems and market failures. But the answer provided by the WT diers from the ST one. The WT are e cient in solving the reaching information problem whereas the ST are useful to reduce the asymmetric information issue. Finally, the value of WT or ST will depend largely on the more important issue in the specific labor market context. In this way, Emerging countries are marked by unequal labor systems, thus connecting disconnected groups through weak ties is crucial to get a better job. At the same time, emerging markets are particularly aected by institutional weaknesses, and solving the asymmetric information problem constitutes a fundamental step to climbing the labor ladder. We offer an empirical test with using mixed data recollected in Bogota (Colombia) 2016-2018. Firstly, based on a qualitative data recollected in Bogota (Colombia), we associate income variation and income mobility to both information problems in a Latin American context. Secondly, we offer a multidimensional index of the strength of ties and we use econometric models with and without instrumental variable in order to identify precisely the effect of WT and ST. Our quantitative results confirm that having WT is useful to increase relative income, but ST are more relevant for climbing the income ladder. The WT eect works especially for lower-income people because information coming from other groups is particularly needed in an unequal context. However, ST generate deeper and higher-income mobility for all social groups by providing other kinds of resources. This result is in line with the qualitative exploration highlighting the relevance of the job recommendation as a signal to move in the market marked by institional weaknesses. Finally, we discuss why our results are interesting to conciliate WT and ST approaches and understand the stability of inequality in the Colombian labor market and more generally in Emerging contexts.
[2] The transformations of the French financial system: the elite network of general financial inspectors in action (with N. Bédu and C. Granier)
[1] Opening the blackbox of the gig-economy in developing countries: labor quality of gig-workers and gender differences in Argentina (with Mariana Pellegrini)
2022 Human Development and Capability Association (HCDA) Conference, September 18–22 Antwerp (Belgium) [Forthcoming] LADYSS Lunch Seminar, Université Paris Cité, June 2, Paris (France) XLII Sunbelt Social Networks Conference (INSNA), July 12–16, Cairns (Australia)
2021 10th AFEP Annual Conference ("Social Networks" session co-organizer with L. Delpy, U. Bordeaux), June 29-July 2, Online.
2020 EAEPE Annual Conference, September 2-4, organized online. LADYSS (Workshop 1) Seminar, Université Paris Cité, January 30, Paris, France.
2019 BRICS & Emerging Economies Seminar, INALCO-EHESS, November 27, Paris, France. 30th SASE Annual Conference, June 27-29, New York, US. XXXIX Sunbelt Social Networks Conference of the INSNA, June 18-23, Montreal, Canada.
2018 5th WINIR International Conference, September 14–17, Hong Kong, China. 8th AFEP Annual Conference ("Social Networks and Job" session main organizer), July 3-6, University of Reims, France. LAM Research Seminar, Sciences Po Bordeaux, January 25, Bordeaux, France.
2017 Workshop IEDES-DIAL, University Paris 1 & IRD, October 23-24, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. Workshop DIAL-GREThA, University of Bordeaux, June 13, Bordeaux, France. Research Lab Seminar, Paris School of Business, May 18, Paris, France. XXXV International Congress of the LASA, April 29 – May 1, Lima, Peru. Social Science Research Seminar, University of Los Andes,March 31, Bogota, Colombia. Doctoral Workshop: Methods in Social Sciences, University of Bordeaux, January 31, Bordeaux, France.
2016 LAM Research Seminar, Sciences Po Bordeaux, December 8, Bordeaux, France. 28th SASE Annual Conference, June 24–26, Berkeley, US. 6th GREThA International Conference on Economic Development, June 16–17, Bordeaux, France.
2015 Development Seminar GREThA-LAREFI-LAM, University of Bordeaux, November 24, Bordeaux, France. BRICS & Emerging Economies seminar, EHESS–FMSH, October 8, Paris, France. 4th ILO Conference of the Regulating for Decent Work Network, July 8–10, Geneva, Switzerland. 3rd DIAL–IRD Development Conference, July 2–3, Paris, France. International Conference Research & Regulation, June 10–12, Paris, France. XXXIII International Congress of the LASA, May 27–30, San Juan, Puerto Rico. XXV International Symposium of CEDIMES, October 30–31, Moscow, Russia.
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